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This unit has talked about conditionals and reported speech. Some people call the conditionals \"If\"sentences, they referred to past, present and future possibilities that there are two causes, the \"if\" close and the main class. Either can be in the first part of a conditional sentence or in the second part. Conditional sentences or clauses or If clauses are used to express that the action in the main clause can only take place ir certain condition is fulfilled. There are five main conditionals known as zero conditional first, conditional second conditional, third conditional and mixed conditional. We use zero conditional when we are refer to actions and facts that are irrefutable. Some examples are: When you boil water, it boils. If you does the fire, it hurts. Form: if/when+ present tense, present tense First conditional is used if talking about real situation in the future that is possible or certain, if the condition has been satisfied. Some examples are: If it rains, we won't go out. If you study hard, you will pass the exam. Form: if+ present simple, will Second conditional is used for unreal or hypothetical situations that are not true and unlikely to be true. Examples: If I were you, I wouldn't go there.if I were a billionaire, I would buy an island. If I had a time machine, I could go back in time. Form: If plus past simple, would/could/ might plus base form Third conditional refers to a hypothetical past action and the hypothetical past consequence or results. The action was purely hypothetical therefore the consequence is impossible and has never been satisfied. Example: if I had gone there, this wouldn't have happened. If you had helped me studying , I would have passed the test. Form: if + past perfect, would/ could/ might + have+ Past participle Sometimes we combine a second conditional with a third conditional. Form: if+ past perfect, would+ base form We use mixed conditional when there is a hypothetical past action or state and the hypothetical present consequence. Reported speech and direct speech We use direct speech when representing someone's actual words. Direct speech usually has the reporting verbs in the past simple. What using reporting speech, usually we use verb \"said\". When it comes to teaching ideas, there are intermediaries - which can include role-play. Reporting verbs where are you can give the students a collection of their speech sentences and they choose an appropriate reporting verb. Another option are media interviews.
